1939-1944 The Second World War

  • On September 30, 1938, the infamous “Munich Agreement” was signed, announcing the end of the Czechoslovak Republic.
  • On October 8, 1938, the Carpathians were declared an autonomous Ruthenian territory, still under Czech sovereignty.
  • On November 2, 1938, following the First Vienna Agreement, the southwestern part of the region, including the cities of Munkács and Ungvár, was annexed to Hungary and the autonomous area was reduced.
  • In mid-March 1939, this autonomy came to an end when it was conquered and annihilated by Hungary, which then completed the conquest of the entire region.
  • The reaction of most of the Jews to the return of Hungarian rule was good and even enthusiastic, because of their memories of the Austro-Hungarian period.However, it soon became apparent that the new Hungarian occupation was much different than the old one, and that the Jews had been marked for discrimination and violent persecution from the very beginning.

‘You Do It’ – stations in the life of the dollmaker Bracha Gilai

Zippora Weinstein: Testimony of a Holocaust survivor – Yad Vashem

The fate of the Jewish community of Ungvar during the Holocaust

The Auschwitz Album

 

Death trains in 1944: the Kassa list

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